US v. Anieze-Smith, No. 16-50208
(5-2-19)(Gould w/Nguyen & Benitez). In a restitution issue of first
impression, the 9th affirmed the imposition of restitution on five
counts of health care fraud, even though some restitution fell outside the
statute of limitations. The 9th specifically held that a district
court may order restitution for all losses resulting from a fraudulent scheme,
even those caused by conduct occurring outside the limitations period.
http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/05/02/16-50208.pdf
The
MVRA, as the 9th reads it, allows restitution for acts or conduct in
a scheme or conspiracy, even if the acts were for related conduct outside the conviction.
Restitution could also be ordered for victims not named in the
indictment. The 9th thus concluded that though the statute of
limitations may prevent the gov’t from charging acts outside the statute
period, “it poses no bar to imposing restitution under MVRA for damages
occurring from the full scheme.” (15).
The
9th tracks the 11th Circuit decision in US v. Dickerson, 370 F.3d 1330 (11th
Cir. 2004). The 11th Circuit is the only other circuit that
addresses this issue. The 11th reasoned that if the court
could consider other conduct outside the limitations period, it could also
order restitution. The guidelines, the 11th points out, allow
relevant conduct to be considered from outside the period to set the offense
level. Ordering such restitution also does not run afoul of Hughey v. US, 495 US 411 (1990). Hughey limited the VWPA to specific
conduct that was the basis of the offense, but Congress amended and broadened
the VWPA to define “victim” the same as MVRA. The 9th concludes that
Hughey is no bar. The 9th
also cites a 10th Circuit unpublished opinion in note 3: US v. Williams, 356 Fed. App’x 167 (10th
Cir. 2009).
Kudos
to Kathryn Young, Deputy FPD, Cal. Central (L.A.) litigating this issue.
The
decision is here:
http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/05/02/16-50208.pdf
1 Comments:
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